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Rethinking the drivers of coronavirus virulence and pathogenesis; toward an understanding of the dynamic world of mutations, indels and recombination within the alphacoronaviruses
Olarte-Castillo, Ximena A.; Frazier, Laura E.; Gomes Noll, Jessica C.; Choi, Annette; Whittaker, Gary R. (Cornell University. College of Veterinary Medicine, 2025-06)
Alphacoronaviruses are widespread but understudied in comparison to betacoronaviruses. Within the alphacoronaviruses is the species Alphacoronavirus-1, which comprises distinct viruses of cats, dogs and pigs, along with a separate species that infects mustelids—as well other related viruses of pigs and circulating human viruses. High-pathogenicity feline coronavirus (FCoV) is infamous as the cause of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), existing as two distinct genotypes (type -1 and -2) and transmitted as a low-pathogenicity virus. The high-pathogenicity variants arise in cats infected with FCoV, and while the mutations responsible remain enigmatic, the main determinant is the spike glycoprotein. FCoV-1 disease outcome is driven by a combination of both within- and between-host evolution; virulence can be largely explained by the “internal mutation hypothesis”, which argues that high pathogenicity—but poorly transmissible—variants are selected in individual cats. Canine coronaviruses are generally considered low pathogenicity but can cause severe enteritis and be systemic. Notably the CCoV spike gene periodically recombines with FCoV-1 to generate FCoV-2, which is exemplified by FCoV-23, which has caused a widespread outbreak of FIP in Cyprus and has a notably truncated spike N-terminal domain (NTD). In pigs, coronaviruses often cause severe gastrointestinal disease but can become respiratory and have low pathogenicity based on what can also be considered an ‘internal deletion’ of the spike NTD. These viruses may exist as a dynamic "metavirome"1 that is in a constant state of flux, presenting notable challenges for disease surveillance and management.
Re-examining American Football: The Performance and Preservation of American Masculinity
Knox, Skyler (Cornell University Library, 2025-06-05)
From its inception, American football has been more than a game—it has served as a stage for asserting dominance, not only through physical competition, but also across broader social and ideological hierarchies. Departing from dominant football historiographies that center white elites, institutions, and figures as the architects of the sport’s success, this thesis re-examines football as a national institution that reinforces American masculinity through systems of racial and economic control—rooted in the exploitation of Black labor and the preservation of white male authority. Tracing football’s development from the post-slavery era through wartime mobilization, industrial expansion, and the rise of mass entertainment, I argue that the sport has long served a political function: to uphold a vision of masculinity shaped by racial hierarchy and capitalist logic. Drawing on the work of Harry Edwards, Teri A. McMurtry-Chubb, Thomas Oates, and William C. Rhoden, this thesis structured across three chapters, examines: football’s historical ties to the plantation economy and postbellum anxieties around race and gender; the shift from physical participation to symbolic power through fandom and spectatorship; and the NFL’s current business model, which profits from Black athletic labor while restricting Black leadership and upward mobility. Drawing on historical analysis and insights from my work in the NFL, this research positions football as a site where power is performed and reproduced through aestheticized violence, ritualized hierarchy, and reaffirmed national identity—revealing it as central to American masculinity and racialized capitalism.
CAPITAL, CLASS AND CONTROL: EMBOURGEOISEMENT, ÉVOLUÉS AND NEOCOLONIAL GOVERNANCE IN THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO
Osei-Bosompem, Gracelynn (Cornell University Library, 2025-06-15)
The Need for Violence in Decolonization: No Liberation Without Force
Lima Valdez, Maria (2025-05-30)
The Manager March 2025: Back to basics
(Progressive Dairy, 2025-03)
The March 2025 issue of The Manager, published by Progressive Dairy, features the Conservation, agronomy and efficiency benefit the whole farm.